Cervical infection in women
Cervicitis Cervicitis is an inflammation of the cervix (the end of the uterus). Cervicitis often does not cause symptoms, but if they do happen, they may include abnormal vaginal discharge, painful intercourse, or vulvar or vaginal irritation. Antibiotics successfully treat cervicitis in most cases. For other cases, laser therapy or surgery may be required. What …
Can Pelvic or uterine adhesions cause infertility?
Pelvic adhesions, sometimes referred to as “scar tissue”, are a common cause of both infertility and pelvic pain. Pelvic adhesions can occur as a result of a variety of different conditions including endometriosis, pelvic infection, and previous abdominal or pelvic surgery. It is well known that pelvic adhesions develop over 90% of the time following …
COVID vaccine in women healthcare
Who should be vaccinated first? As with all COVID-19 vaccines, health workers at high risk of exposure and older people should be prioritized for vaccination. As more vaccine becomes available, additional priority groups should be vaccinated, with attention to people disproportionately affected by COVID-19 or who face health inequities. Who else can take the vaccine? …
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ecurrent miscarriage or recurrent Pregnancy loss
Spontaneous pregnancy loss is a surprisingly common occurrence, with approximately 15% of all clinically recognized pregnancies resulting in pregnancy failure. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has been inconsistently defined. When defined as 3 consecutive pregnancy losses prior to 20 weeks from the last menstrual period, it affects approximately 1% to 2% of women. This review highlights …
Abnormalities in uterus or reproductive organs
An understanding of congenital anomalies as they are encountered in clinical practice is greatly enhanced by not only a knowledge of normal embryology and the mechanism of formation of normal infants, but also an insight into the processes that result in the development of anomalies. An awareness of malformations and a systematic examination and appraisal …
Diagnostic Laparoscopy for infertility
Laparoscopy overview • Laparoscopy for infertility is a minimally invasive surgical procedure in which a telescope-like instrument (laparoscope) with light and small camera allows the surgeon to examine the pelvic anatomy for causes of female infertility. • Laparoscopy can be diagnostic, assessing for causes of infertility in the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. • An …
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Blocked fallopian tubes
Blocked fallopian tubes are one possible cause of female infertility. There are usually no symptoms, but there are some risk factors that can increase the chance of developing the condition. The medical term for a blocked fallopian tube is tubal occlusion. The fallopian tubes are muscular tubes that are lined with delicate hair-like structures. These …
Vaccination in pregnancy
Immunization during pregnancy is a simple and effective way to protect the mother and child from certain infections. The immunological changes occur during pregnancy which may be responsible for the susceptibility of certain infectious diseases that increases the risk of more serious outcomes. Vaccination of pregnant women can protect to mother against vaccine-preventable infections, and …
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Abnormal blood pressure in pregnancy
Blood pressure and pregnancy During pregnancy, your body goes through numerous physical changes to accommodate fetal growth and development. Throughout these nine months, it’s ideal to have a normal blood pressure reading. Your blood pressure is the force of your blood pushing against the walls of your arteries. Every time your heart beats, it pumps …
Urinary Tract infections in females
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection from microbes. These are organisms that are too small to be seen without a microscope. Most UTIs are caused by bacteria, but some are caused by fungi and in rare cases by viruses. UTIs are among the most common infections in humans. A UTI can happen anywhere …
Irregular periods in teenagers
Irregular periods are very common, especially in a girl’s first few years of getting her period. What Are Regular Periods? Most girls get their first period between the ages of 10 and 15, but some get it earlier and some later. The first period is known as menarche. A girl’s monthly cycle is the number …
Benign tumors or growth of the genitalia- vulva and vagina
Benign or malignant neoplasms of the vagina are uncommon. The frequency of benign lesions ranges from rare to very rare. Neoplasms that may develop in other locations within the genital tract may also be found in the vagina. Most vaginal tumors produce no symptoms until significant size is reached. Symptoms and signs may include a …
Gynecology conditions and Gynecology consultation in COVID times for patients in South Delhi
The impact of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is catastrophic, with the cumulative number of confirmed worldwide cases reaching 1,610,909 by April 11, 2020. Despite the necessary reassignment of many healthcare resources to the care of patients with COVID-19, gynecologic patients must still receive a diagnosis and be treated. Therefore, guidelines for the …
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Dermoid cyst of the ovary
A dermoid cyst (also called as “mature teratoma”) is a sac-like growth that may be present at birth. It contains structures such as hair, fluid, teeth or skin glands that can be found on or in the skin. In some cases, especially when in the ovary, it also contains thyroid or brain tissue. Ovarian dermoid …
Big and plenty of fibroids
Uterine fibroids are tumors that grow in a woman’s womb (uterus). These growths are typically not cancerous (benign) Causes Uterine fibroids are common. As many as one in five women may have fibroids during their childbearing years. Half of all women have fibroids by age 50. Fibroids are rare in women under age 20. They …
Antenatal care or pregnancy care in the COVID pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has everyone anxious and in fear. If you are pregnant, undoubtedly you have a lot of queries about whether coronavirus poses a threat to you and your baby. The answers are not crystal clear yet, due to the evolving nature of the disease. Knowledge from past epidemics due to similar respiratory illnesses …
Safe medical abortion in early pregnancy for unwanted pregnancy
Medical abortion, also known as non-surgical abortion, is one way to terminate an early pregnancy using medications. Medical abortion is provided by trained health care providers in private office settings, family planning clinics and hospitals. A medical abortion can be performed from the time a woman suspects and confirms she is pregnant up until nine …
Fibroids – Do’s and don’ts
What Are Fibroids? Fibroids, or leiomyomata (myomas), are common noncancerous growths that usually occur in or on the muscle walls of the uterus. One cell divides repeatedly and grows into a firm, rubbery mass separate from the rest of the uterine wall. Almost half of women older than 50 have these growths. They’re more common …
Fibroids surgery -laparoscopy / key hole surgery versus open myomectomy
Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths that grow in the wall of the uterus. When fibroids cause heavy bleeding or painful symptoms, and other treatments are ineffective, a doctor may recommend surgery. Fibroids are common, but it is challenging for doctors to determine what percentage of people have them, as not everyone experiences symptoms. According to …
Miscarriage or heavy bleeding in early pregnancy
What should you know about vaginal bleeding during pregnancy? Vaginal bleeding or spotting during the first trimester of pregnancy is relatively common. Some amount of light bleeding or spotting during pregnancy occurs in about 20% of pregnancies, and most of these women go on to have a healthy pregnancy. What is implantation bleeding? Implantation bleeding …
Post menopausal bleeding and evaluation
Menopause occurs when a woman has not had her menstrual period for a year. This occurrence is the result of a natural decline in hormones that a woman will experience usually in her 40s or 50s. When a woman has gone through menopause, she normally does not expect to have any further bleeding. However, women …
How to manage endometriosis and endometriotic ovarian cyst
Endometriosis causes chocolate cysts. Endometrial tissue lines the uterus, and endometriosis causes this tissue to grow outside the uterus as well. Endometrial tissue can attach to the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and nearby organs, such as the bladder. This can cause painful, heavy periods, and it can also damage the organs that it affects. Doctors divide …
Fibroids- Laparoscopic surgery in the COVID times
The incidence of fibroids ranges from 30% to 70% in women of reproductive age, with the peak incidence occurring between 35 and 49 years of age. Risk factors for fibroids include nulliparity, obesity, black ethnicity, family history, polycystic ovarian syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension. Fibroids are present in 5–10% of the patients presenting with infertility. Laparoscopic …
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Why Pregnancy is considered high risk in COVID times?
The spread of COVID-19 and the consequent lockdown has been having the most significant effect on people already dealing with persisting medical conditions – such as pregnant women. Life for them has taken an especially unprecedented swerve, since visits to the doctor, routine checkups, or sanitizing surfaces for the baby are not ordinary anymore. Schedules …
Delayed or prolonged period in the time of COVID 19 pandemic
Periods, they’re painful and messy, and unpredictable. But while you might not be looking forward to getting your periods every month, realizing you’re late for no apparent reason is probably a worse feeling. Turns out, the stress caused by a deadly pandemic can do that to your body. As the world struggles to come to terms with …
Unwanted Pregnancy and abortion in COVID 19 pandemic times
Experiencing an unplanned pregnancy can be one of the most challenging times in your life. It can bring about feelings of doubt, stress, and a lot of undue anxiety. Navigating life through social distancing, closures, quarantines, and constant COVID-19 updates can cause worry, uncertainty, and even panic. A combination of the two? It can make …
Missed or delayed period in Covid 19 pandemic
If you don’t have any known condition affecting your menstrual cycle, your period should start within 30 days of the start of your last period. A period is officially considered late if it’s been more than 30 days since the start of your last period. After six weeks without bleeding, you can consider your late …
How to go about Pregnancy in the covid 19 pandemic- Is it safe?
As the world puts a united front for the battle against the novel coronavirus, it has given rise to a series of complications, especially for those planning to welcome a newborn in their household. Since there is not enough data to understand the impact of COVID-19 on pregnant women, it is a nerve-wracking time for …
Painful periods in the covid 19 pandemic era
About dysmenorrhea Menstruation occurs when the uterus sheds its lining once a month. Some pain, cramping, and discomfort during menstrual periods is normal. Excessive pain that causes you to miss work or school is not. Painful menstruation is also called dysmenorrhea. There are two types of dysmenorrhea: primary and secondary. Primary dysmenorrhea occurs in people …
Abnormal period in Covid 19 pandemic
Abnormally heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding is also called ‘abnormal uterine bleeding’. It can be scanty, delayed or prolonged bleeding. We sometimes use this general term to describe bleeding that does not follow a normal pattern, such as spotting between periods. It used to be referred to as menorrhagia, but this term is no longer …
Lactation and breast care post pregnancy
Although breast development begins around puberty, development of mammary function is only completed in pregnancy. During the first half of pregnancy, the mammary ducts proliferate and group together to form large lobules. During the second half of pregnancy, secretory activity increases and the alveoli become distended by accumulating colostrum. After 16 weeks of pregnancy, lactation …
Vulval and vaginal skin infections
The vulva (Latin for womb or covering) consists of several layers that cover and protect the sexual organs and urinary opening. The fleshy outer lips of the vulva — the labia majora — are covered with pubic hair and contain fat that helps cushion the area. Inside the labia majora are the thinner, more pigmented …
Ovarian cyst in the times of covid 19 pandemic
What are ovarian cysts? The ovaries are part of the female reproductive system. They’re located in the lower abdomen on both sides of the uterus. Women have two ovaries that produce eggs as well as the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Sometimes, a fluid-filled sac called a cyst will develop on one of the ovaries. Many women will …
Heavy and painful periods
Heavy flows and achy cramps can be common experiences when many women have their periods. Periods that prevent you from doing everyday activities aren’t normal. Each woman’s menstrual flow and cycle are different. It may be hard to know if your period is normal, light, or heavy unless you talk with your doctor. Women lose an average …
Vaginal infections – how to diagnose and treat
Vaginitis describes a few conditions that can cause infection or inflammation of your vagina. vulvovaginitis describes inflammation of both your vagina and your vulva. Your vulva is the external part of your genitals. Read on to learn more about what causes different types of vaginal infections and what you can do about it. What should I look for with …
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Fibroids in the time of covid pandemic
What are fibroids? Fibroids are abnormal growths that develop in or on a woman’s uterus. Sometimes these tumors become quite large and cause severe abdominal pain and heavy periods. In other cases, they cause no signs or symptoms at all. The growths are typically benign, or noncancerous. The cause of fibroids is unknown. Fibroids are …
Endometriotic or chocolate cyst of the ovary
Chocolate cysts are noncancerous, fluid-filled cysts that typically form deep within the ovaries. They get their name from their brown, tar-like appearance, looking something like melted chocolate. They’re also called ovarian endometriomas. The color comes from old menstrual blood and tissue that fills the cavity of the cyst. A chocolate cyst can affect one or …
Exercises and physical activity for Pregnancy and normal delivery
Suitable activities during pregnancy are brisk walking, swimming, indoor stationary cycling, prenatal yoga, and low-impact aerobics, guided by a certified aerobics instructor. Some special exercises can help prepare for labor. These carry little risk of injury, they benefit the entire body, and they can continue until delivery. Brisk walking If pre-pregnancy exercise levels were low, …
Abortion in the times of the corona virus pandemic
The COVID-19 crisis has starkly revealed the patchy and precarious provision of abortion in India, deepening existing inequalities in access. What was already an expensive procedure may be even less attainable for many women facing financial strain during the pandemic. Meanwhile, a shortage of staff and resources is likely to be affecting access for many women seeking an aborti
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How To Deal With Pregnancy In The Time Of Coronavirus
Unlike the Severe acute respiratory syndrome or SARS pandemic of 2003-2004, which was also caused by a Corona virus, pregnant mothers are not in the higher risk bracket from COVID-19. Stressful, even during normal times, pregnancy can be deeply disturbing during a pandemic induced lockdown. Even more so if you or someone close to you …
PCOD- irregular periods and other things
What Is PCOS? Polycystic ovarian syndrome, or PCOS, is a hormonal condition that women can get during their childbearing years. It can affect your ability to have a child . It can also: Stop your periods or make them hard to predict Cause acne and unwanted body and facial hair Raise your risk of other health problems, including diabetes and high …
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Ectopic pregnancy (tubal pregnancy) -the facts!
What is ectopic pregnancy? From fertilization to delivery, pregnancy occurs after a number of steps in a woman’s body. One of these steps is when a fertilized egg travels to the uterus to attach itself. In the case of an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg doesn’t attach to the uterus. Instead, it may attach to the fallopian …
Pregnancy after IVF treatment
Many infertile couples need treatment in different forms including Assisted Reproductive Techniques. In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer is the most advanced method of infertility treatment. Management of these pregnancies is difficult as the couples and treating doctors have undue concern and apprehension and worry about outcome of such pregnancies. IVF Pregnancy Test When can …
Second opinion in your High risk pregnancy- choose the best Gynecologist
What conditions may lead to a high-risk pregnancy? The following list represents the most common conditions that can lead to a high-risk pregnancy, but note that not all women with these conditions will have a high-risk pregnancy. If you have diabetes before you become pregnant, you will likely be referred to a maternal-fetal medicine specialist …
First trimester in your first time pregnancy- what to expect
You have just gotten the big news! You are pregnant! The feeling when you get confirmation from your Gynecologist doctor, is amazing! Having a child is the most precious, amazing and scariest thing ever! Don’t worry though, I know it seems as if there is so much to do before the baby comes and there …
Living with a fibroid
What are uterine fibroids? Fibroids are benign tumors made of smooth muscle cells and fibrous connective tissue. They develop in the uterus. It is estimated that 70-80% of women will develop fibroids in their lifetime—however, not everyone will develop symptoms or require treatment. The most important characteristic of fibroids is that they are not cancer, …
Painless delivery and water birthing – the things you should know
What is Painless Delivery? Painless delivery refers to the use of an epidural injection which is given by an anaesthesiologist trained in epidural injection for pain relief during labour. It is injected in the lower of back, and a plastic tube is placed through which drugs are released around the spinal cord. It is mostly …
Why choose Dr.Ruchi Tandon as your Gynecologist?
Let’s answer a more honest question first, What should you look for in your Gynecologist? Trust and comfort. Once you have shortlisted a few doctors you would like to meet, schedule an appointment with them to help you decide which one to stick with. Over the course of your nine months, you will form a …
Heavy period – how to manage it?
What is menorrhagia? Menorrhagia is a heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding. Many women have this type of abnormal uterine bleeding. It can be related to a number of conditions including problems with the uterus, hormone problems, or other rare conditions. While heavy bleeding can make it tough to take part in normal daily life at …
PCOS in your 30’s, how it can affect you?
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition that affects how a woman’s ovaries work. The 3 main features of PCOS are: Irregular periods – which means your ovaries do not regularly release eggs (anovulation) excess androgen – high levels of “male” hormones in your body, which may cause physical signs such as excess facial or body hair polycystic
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Urinary leakage in women, why does it happen?
What is stress incontinence? Stress incontinence is the inability to control your urge to urinate in certain circumstances. It’s a serious and embarrassing disorder and can lead to social isolation. Any pressure placed on the abdomen and bladder can lead to the involuntary loss of urine. It’s important to remember that the term “stress” is …
What could possibly be the cause of your miscarriage and how to avoid it?
A miscarriage, also called a spontaneous abortion, is the spontaneous ending of a pregnancy. About 1/3 to 1/2 of all pregnancies end in miscarriage before a woman misses a menstrual period or even knows she is pregnant. About 10 to 20% of women who know they are pregnant will miscarry , mostly in the first …
Endometrial polyp in your 40’s
Uterine or endometrial polyps are growths attached to the inner wall of the uterus that extend into the uterine cavity. Overgrowth of cells in the lining of the uterus (endometrium) leads to the formation of ensdometrial polyps, also known as uterine polyps. These polyps are usually noncancerous (benign), although some can be cancerous or can …
High Risk Pregnancy – How to manage it
Any pregnancy that poses a risk to the mother or baby, or is different from normal is considered as high-risk pregnancy. What are the risk factors for high-risk pregnancies? Sometimes a high-risk pregnancy is the result of a medical condition or disease present before pregnancy. In other cases, a medical condition that develops during pregnancy …
Post menopausal bleeding – what can it possibly be?
What is postmenopausal bleeding? Postmenopausal bleeding is any bleeding that occurs in a woman’s vagina after she has undergone menopause. Once a woman has gone 12 months without a period, she’s considered to be menopausal. In order to rule out serious medical problems, women with postmenopausal bleeding should always see a gynecologist. What is vaginal …
Ovarian cyst – laparoscopy is treatment of choice
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs or pockets in the ovary or on its surface. Women have two ovaries — each about the size and shape of an almond, 2-3cm in size— on each side of the uterus. Eggs, which develop and mature in the ovaries, are released in monthly cycles during the childbearing years. Many …
What is abortion in pregnancy?
Abortion is the removal of pregnancy tissue, products of conception or the fetus and placenta (afterbirth) from the uterine cavity. In general, the terms fetus and placenta are used after eight weeks of intrauterine pregnancy. Pregnancy tissue and products of conception refer to tissue produced by the union of sperm with the ovum. Other terms …
Menopause in Indian women – An enigma
Menopause is the process through which a woman ceases to be fertile or menstruate completely. It is a normal part of life and is not considered a disease or a medical condition. Symptoms may occur years before a woman’s final period also called as Perimenopause. Some women may experience symptoms for months or years afterward …
Why you should choose a specialized Laparoscopic Surgeon and Cosmetic Gynecologist?
Laparoscopy is a skilled profession that demands a high level of expertise and well-versed training. Gynecological Laparoscopy involves procedures such as Laparoscopic Myomectomy Laparoscopic hysterectomy Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy Laparoscopic tubal evaluation and repairs Laparoscopy and Hysteroscopy for Infertility Hysteroscopic Polypectomy Hysteroscopic septal resection Hysteroscopic D&
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FIBROIDS WHEN YOU ARE 40
What are fibroids? Fibroids are non – cancerous or benign growths arising out of the uterus or its musculature And are usually restricted to female reproductive organs. What are the different types of fibroids? The type of fibroid a woman develops depends on its location. Intramural fibroids Intramural fibroids are the most common type of …
What is Infertility and causes in females
Definition of Infertility As per WHO, Infertility in females is defined as an inability to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of regular sexual intercourse & no predisposing cause such as lactation, Contraception etc. Male Infertility is responsible for 20–35% of infertility cases, while 35% are due to female infertility, and 25–40% are due to combined …
What do you mean by Laparoscopy?
Laparoscopy also called as keyhole surgery, is a specialized kind of surgery, using very fine instruments and through small incisions (0.3-1.2 cm). Originally started in Germany, it has evolved rapidly over the last 3 decades, superseding convention surgery and ultimately is the preferred mode of operation for all types of Gynecological procedures and surgeries. The …
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Management of abnormal uterine bleeding
Abnormal uterine bleeding may be acute or chronic, and is defined as bleeding from the uterus that is abnormal in regularity, volume, frequency, or duration and occurs in the absence of pregnancy. Acute AUB refers to an episode of heavy bleeding that is of sufficient quantity to require immediate intervention to prevent further blood loss.
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Endometriosis and its controversies
Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue at any area other than the normal situation; if it is seen in myometrial tissue it leads to a condition called as adenomyosis.
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Cervical cancer vaccination and awareness
Human papilloma virus also known as the cervical cancer virus or HPV accounts for upto 75% of all cervical cancers. Cervical cancer is the fifth most prevalent cancer and is caused by sexual transmission of HPV virus.
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